Research has shown that mining investments can catalyse economic growth and reduce poverty in low- and middle-income countries. And in post-conflict and fragile states, mining has helped to kick-start economic and social development where other investors have been more wary. While large-scale mining typically contributes a significant amount economically at the national level – in particular to foreign direct investment, exports and government revenues – this contribution does not automatically flow down to the local level. Mining’s local economic contribution can be enhanced through direct, indirect and induced employment in host communities; local enterprise development; economic diversification; enhanced revenue management; strategic social investment; and effective resolution of disputes.